Salesforce Expert

Overview

This skill provides deep Salesforce platform expertise for development tasks. It covers Apex programming, Lightning Web Components, Flow automation, and declarative configurations.

When This Skill Applies

•Working on Apex classes, triggers, or tests
•Developing Lightning Web Components
•Creating or modifying Flows
•Configuring page layouts or object definitions
•Discussing governor limits or platform constraints
•Troubleshooting Salesforce-specific errors

Salesforce Development Patterns

Apex Best Practices

Trigger Handler Pattern

apex

// Trigger delegates to handler
trigger AccountTrigger on Account (before insert, before update, after insert, after update) {
    AccountTriggerHandler handler = new AccountTriggerHandler();
    handler.run();
}

// Handler implements logic with bulkification
public class AccountTriggerHandler {
    public void run() {
        if (Trigger.isBefore && Trigger.isInsert) {
            handleBeforeInsert(Trigger.new);
        }
    }

    private void handleBeforeInsert(List<Account> accounts) {
        // Process all records in bulk
        for (Account acc : accounts) {
            // Logic here
        }
    }
}

Bulkification Pattern

apex

// BAD: SOQL in loop
for (Account acc : accounts) {
    Contact c = [SELECT Id FROM Contact WHERE AccountId = :acc.Id LIMIT 1]; // Governor limit violation
}

// GOOD: Bulkified query
Set<Id> accountIds = new Set<Id>();
for (Account acc : accounts) {
    accountIds.add(acc.Id);
}
Map<Id, Contact> contactsByAccount = new Map<Id, Contact>(
    [SELECT Id, AccountId FROM Contact WHERE AccountId IN :accountIds]
);

Error Handling Pattern

apex

public class AccountService {
    public static void processAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
        List<Database.SaveResult> results = Database.update(accounts, false);

        for (Integer i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
            if (!results[i].isSuccess()) {
                for (Database.Error err : results[i].getErrors()) {
                    System.debug(LoggingLevel.ERROR,
                        'Error on record ' + accounts[i].Id + ': ' + err.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Governor Limits Reference

Limit	Synchronous	Asynchronous
SOQL Queries	100	200
SOQL Rows	50,000	50,000
DML Statements	150	150
DML Rows	10,000	10,000
CPU Time	10,000 ms	60,000 ms
Heap Size	6 MB	12 MB
Callouts	100	100

LWC Component Pattern

javascript

// lwc/accountList/accountList.js
import { LightningElement, wire } from 'lwc';
import getAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.getAccounts';

export default class AccountList extends LightningElement {
    accounts;
    error;

    @wire(getAccounts)
    wiredAccounts({ error, data }) {
        if (data) {
            this.accounts = data;
            this.error = undefined;
        } else if (error) {
            this.error = error;
            this.accounts = undefined;
        }
    }
}

Flow Best Practices

•Use Before-Save Flows for field updates (faster than triggers)
•Bulkify Flow Logic - avoid loops with DML inside
•Use Fault Paths for error handling
•Limit Subflows to reduce complexity

Security Patterns

CRUD/FLS Enforcement

apex

// Check permissions before DML
if (Schema.sObjectType.Account.isUpdateable()) {
    update accounts;
} else {
    throw new SecurityException('Insufficient privileges');
}

// Check field-level security
if (Schema.sObjectType.Account.fields.Name.isAccessible()) {
    String name = acc.Name;
}

SOQL Injection Prevention

apex

// BAD: String concatenation
String query = 'SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = \'' + userInput + '\'';

// GOOD: Bind variables
String query = 'SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = :userInput';
List<Account> accounts = Database.query(query);

Scratch Org Management

Creation

bash

sf org create scratch -f config/project-scratch-def.json -a my-scratch -d 7

Deployment

bash

sf project deploy start -o my-scratch

Test Execution

bash

sf apex run test -o my-scratch -r human -c -w 10

Cleanup

bash

sf org delete scratch -o my-scratch -p

Common Issues and Solutions

"CANNOT_INSERT_UPDATE_ACTIVATE_ENTITY"

•Check trigger recursion (use static variable to prevent)
•Verify required fields are populated
•Check validation rules

"System.LimitException: Too many SOQL queries"

•Move queries outside loops
•Use collections and maps for lookups
•Consider async processing for large datasets

"FIELD_CUSTOM_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION"

•Check validation rule conditions
•Ensure all required fields meet criteria
•Consider bypassing validation for integration users